Final Test, Preparing for Final Exam

Today we took our last test of West Civ 1, excluding the exam. I think I did pretty well, and I heard that other classes did not do very well. They said their class average was around 69, I think, but I could be wrong. This class was one of the best social studies classes I have had.

Medieval Test Review

476-1453 ad

Roots of the beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church

Overrun the western half of the Roman Empire

Causing disruption in trade, downfall of cities, and population shifts to rural areas

Decline of learning- romance languages evolve

Germanic tribes turned in Kingdoms

Warriors and knights were loyal to their lord

Clovis rules the franks in Gaul

496 battle field conversion on Clovis

By 511 the Franks were united in one kingdom, with Clovis and the church working as partners.

In 520- benedict writes rules for the monks

His sister Scholastica wrote similar rules for nuns

Pope Gregory 1 uses church revenues to help the poor, build roads, and raise armies

The Venereal bead wrote the history of England

Theocracy- the government is involved with the church

Europe consisted of small kingdoms

Battle of tours in 732

Charles Martel's son is known as Pepin the short

Charlemagne meaning Charles the great

Charlemagne- fought muslims in spain, most powerful king in western europe, kept close watch on his huge estates, son is luis the pious who had sons that split up the kingdom in the Treaty of Verdun in 843 AD

Medieval PowerPoint

Today in West Civ, we began and finished a new PowerPoint. We were given some test questions also.

The Muslims have at this point become a religion and controlled some of Africa, and worked their way up through Europe.

If the muslims had won this battle, then they could have just walked right through Europe and take it over. Everyone would be muslim. 

Battle of tours in 732.

Charles Martel's son is Pepin the Short

He works with the Church and is named king by the grace of God, by the Pope

Pepin the short dies in 768, leaving two sons

Name because he may have been under 5 foot or had a short temper

Son 1- Carloman- dies in 771

Son2- Charles, known as Charlemagne, meaning Charles the Great- 

           not the pope, but held a cross

         - combination of power, and religion 

        - his attempt to create the strongest army since Rome

        - he is reuniting western Europe

      - pope leo crowned him king on Christmas

       - wants the nobles to have less power

       - want to travel to see all of his people

        -wants to open schools for everyone

        - reminds us of Caesar

        - the leaders following his were awful

       - his grandsons can't figure out who to rule, therefore split the kingdom up at the Treaty of Verdun in 843 AD. 

476. -1453- Medieval times start
• How it started?
• When Romulus augustulus was disposed as emperor in 476
• The west, crumbled
• The east became the byzantine empire

Today in west civ, we reviewed the powerpoint that we took notes on last class. We went over one more slide, and Mr. Schick told a few stories about his high school experience. Also we discussed the exams coming up in June. 

• A European Empire Evolves:
• Franks control largest European Kingdom
• The Roman province formerly known as Gaul
• Ruled by Clovis- the Merovingian Dynasty
• Major domo- mayor of the palace- ruled the kingdom
• Charles Martel- Charles the Hammer
• Extended the Frank's reign to the north, south, and east
• Defeated a Muslim army from Spain at the Battle of Tours in 732…..

Germanic Kingdoms Unite Under Charlemagne

Today in West Civ we started another PowerPoint of Medieval times/Middle Ages/ Dark Ages

Main Idea:

• Many Germanic kingdoms that succeeded the Roman Empire were united under Charlemagne's empire.

Why does it matter?

• Charlemagne spread Christian civilization throughout Northern Europe, which is where many of us came from.

Setting the Stage:

• Middle ages- medieval period
• 500-1500 AD
• Medieval Europe is fragmented

Invasions trigger changes in Western Europe

• Invasions and constant warfare spark new trends
• Distribution of trade
• Europe's cities are no longer economic centers
• Money is scarce
• Downfall of cities
• Cities are no longer centers of administration
• Population shifts
• Nobles retreat to the rural areas
• Cities don’t have strong leadership
• Decline of learning
• Germanic invaders are illiterate, but they communicate through oral tradition
• Only priests and church officials could read and write
• Knowledge of Greek is almost lost (literature, science, and philosophy)
• Loss of common language
• Dialects develop in different regions
• By the 8005, French, Spanish, other Roman-based languages are evolved from Latin.
• Germanic kingdoms emerge

  - the concept of government changes

• Roman Society: loyal to public governors
• Germanic Society: loyal to family
• Germanic chief led warriors
• During peace, he provided food, weapons, treasure, a place to live (the lord's hall)
• During war time, warriors fought for the lord
• "The king? Who is that? You want to collect taxes from me? Who the heck are you?
• Franks live in the Roman province of Gaul- their leader is Clovis.

• The Franks under Clovis
• Another battlefield conversion (just like Constantine)
• Clovis and 3000 of his warriors are baptized by the bishop
• The Church in Rome approves of this alliance
• Clovis and the Church begin to work together
• The Church is getting really powerful
• Church is the support and money while the King is the military strength
• Germanic peoples adopt Christianity
• 511 AD- Clovis unites Franks into one kingdom
• 600 AD- Church + Frankish rulers convert many people
• Fear of Muslims in southern Europe spur many to become Christians
• Monasteries and convents
• 520 AD- Benedict wrote the rules for the monks and monasteries
• Poverty, chastity, obedience, and study
• His sister Scholastica did the same for nuns in convents
• 731 AD- the Venerable Bede wrote a killer history of England
• Monks opened schools, maintained libraries, and copied books
• Pope Gregory I expands papal power
• Papacy- pope's office
• Secular power- wordy power
• So.. Under Gregory the Great…
• The church can use church money to:
• Raise armies
• Repair roads
• Help the poor
• Gregory the Great began to act as major of Rome, and as head of an Earthly kingdom (Christendom)

Feudalism

Today in class we went over the last test, and started a PowerPoint on Feudalism, which is the middle ages and dark ages.
Here are the notes

Only teach kids what their job is on the manor

Spend their whole lives within a few miles

Education has nothing to do with their lifestyle

Manor is the land owned

King isn't a part of the people's life, there for not important

Most people are Catholic in Europe

Feudalism:

• A political, military, and economic system based on land-holding and protective alliance
• In other words: they system is based on personal loyalty to people who can help
• Government is not a main part.
• Knights are hired and loyal to the lord hiring you
• Vassals: the people that help the rich people hold their land.

The Feudal Pyramid-

King

The most powerful Vassals

(Nobles and Bishops)

Knights- mounted warriors who received Fiefs for defending their lord's land

Peasants (mostly Serfs)

(Landless, powerless, moneyless, rights-less)

(Just working the land for "the man" (their lord)]

-majority of people are poor

Mind your manor:

• Manor: the lord's estate
• The lord's manor house
• A church
• Some workshops
• 15-30 families
• All on a few square miles
• Good news: it is a self-sufficient community
• Bad News: It is hard if your are a peasant

Peasants:

• Poor and pay high taxes
• Tax on grain
• Tax on marriage
• Church tax (tithe- 10 percent tax on their income)
• Live in crowded cottages

Final Test on the Roman Empire

Today in West Civ, we completely finished up Rome with our final test. I did pretty well, 96. I got the same one wrong that i got wrong on the last test too, with is awful. Next we are learning about the Mid-evil times/ feudalism, which I have not ever learned about, so it will be interesting.

Page 151:
    - two centuries after the fall of Rome
    - medieval centuries set the pattern for how this renewal would later take place in Western and Eastern Europe.
    - missionary-monks brought Christianity and Roman traditions to peoples beyond the empire's old frontiers.

Extra Credit: Chronology
   - Fifth Century: angles and saxons invade britain.
   - 486- Clovis leads Frankish confederacy against Roman and rival Germanic invaders in Gaul.
   - 527- 565- Reign of Emperor Justinian in the Eastern Empire.
   - 542- Plague hits Egypt, then spreads throughout the Mediterranean area and much of Western Europe.
   - 568- Lombards conquer most of northern Italy.
   - 570-632- Life of Muhammad.
   - 595- Missionaries sent by the pope begin to convert the pagans of England.
   -711- Muslim invasions of Spain.
   -800- Slavs occupy almost all of Eastern Europe.